Essay on Liraglutide Novel Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes...

Substantial advancement has been built in recent years in the development of pharmacological treatment of type 2 diabetes. The most recent developments have been around the incretin hormones. Glucagon-like peptide 1-receptor agonists (GLP-1) have demonstrated efficacy and safety in the treatment of type 2 diabetes. Liraglutide (Victoza) is a GLP-1 receptor agonist that has demonstrated advantages in lower hemoglobin A1c in this class of medications and assisting patients in reducing weight. Liraglutide: Novel treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Type 2 Diabetes is rapidly becoming the top health concerns in the United States and a major contributor to health care spending and disability. There are an estimated 22.3 million people†¦show more content†¦1033). Initial treatment of type 2 diabetes involves lifestyle modifications (American Diabetes Association [ADA], 2014, p. S31). With obesity as the leading risk factor of type 2 diabetes, initial interventions are based around patient education, increasing physical activity, reducing weight, and increasing lean muscle mass. The American Diabetes Association standards of care published in 2014 recommends a moderate weight loss of 7% of total body weight and increasing activity to 150 minutes per week (ADA, 2014, p. S31). Modest loss of weight and increase of physical activity has a significant impact on the reduction of insulin resistance, glucose metabolism, and delay in the onset of type 2 diabetes. If lifestyle modifications and education interventions are not effective or if the severity of illness is more advanced, the provider should consider pharmacological interventions in addition to ongoing education and lifestyle changes. There is growing number of medications to treat diabetes, especially type 2 diabetes. Each medication alters the main dysfunction of diabetes, hyperglycemia through various routes. Much like hypertension, diabetes is a multifactorial disease with multiple system dysfunctions. These dysfunctions result in the altered metabolism of glucose, carbohydrates, lipids, and proteins. Medications used to treat these dysfunctions works onShow MoreRelatedLiraglutide: Novel Treatment of Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Essay3378 Words   |  14 Pagesagonists (GLP-1). There are two drugs in this class that are currently available, exenatide (Byetta, Bydurian) and liraglutide (Victoza) (LexiComp, 2014). These medications mimic the actions of endogenous GLP-1. Endogenous GLP-1 is secreted from the L-cells in the colon and ileum in response to the ingestion of nutrients (Ryan, Foster, Jobe, 2011, p. 794). GLP-1 has a half-life of 2 minutes due to the action of the DPP-4 enzymes. GLP-1 agonists o vercome this issue by having an altered structureRead MoreTherapy For Diabetes : Conclusion Or Illusion? Essay904 Words   |  4 PagesGLP-1-GASTRIN AGONIST BASED THERAPY FOR DIABETES: CONCLUSION OR ILLUSION? Keywords: diabetes mellitus, dual agonist, gastrin, GLP-1, glucose tolerance Abbreviations: ÃŽ ²-cell, pancreatic beta-cell; DDP-4, dipeptidyl peptidase-4; GLP-1, gluacgon-like-peptide-1; OGTT, oral glucose tolerance test; PPAR-ÃŽ ³, peroxisome proliferator–activated receptor-ÃŽ ³ TABLE OF CONTENTS 1. Revised Commentary 2 1.1 Main Findings 2 1.2 A Repeat of History 4 References 6 2. Feedback Received from PeersRead MoreThe Role of DPP-4 Inhibitors in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus1828 Words   |  8 PagesAs the incidence of type 2 diabetes is steadily increasing, the demand for treatment options is increasing. Dipeptidyl peptidase-4 inhibitors (DPP-4) are a new class of oral anti-hyperglycemic medications that target the incretin system found in the gut. Evidence has shown that treatment with DPP-4 inhibitors has shown significant reductions in HbA1c and increased pancreatic ÃŽ ²-cell function without an increased risk of hypoglycemia. In this document, the pharmacology, clinical efficacy, and incidence